Agreement in case marking was complete in Old
Georgian.
Modern Georgian dialects
In some modern Georgian dialects adjectives ending in
a consonant are represented by a bare stem in all seven cases.
Different
transitional stages between these two paradigms are evidenced in
Georgian
both diachronically (different stages in different periods) and
synchronically
(different stages in different dialects).
Adjectives presented in the archaic sequence in
modern
Georgian
The archaic (postpositional) sequence noun+adjective
is very seldom in modern Georgian, but it is still attested.
In modern Georgian, when an adjective is presented
within
the archaic (postpositional) sequence of noun (head) +
adjective(attribute),
both the noun and the adjective (attribute) are inflected and
adjectives
ending in vowels also take the "full" case markers. When the noun is in
the plural, the adjective is also in the plural in such a sequence.
Adjective as an attribute: postpositional (archaic) sequence
mindori mwvane
mindori mc'vane field green
|
|
|
|
| Nominative | mindor-i mwvane-ø | mindvr-eb-i mwvane-eb-i |
| Ergative | mindor-ma mwvane-m | mindvr-eb-ma mwvane-eb-ma |
| Dative | mindor-s(a) mwvane-s(a) | mindvr-eb-s(a) mwvane-eb-s(a) |
| Genitive | mindvr-is(a) mwvan-is(a) | mindvr-eb-is(a) mwvane-eb-is(a) |
| Instrumental | mindvr-iT(a) mwvan-iT(a) | mindvr-eb-iT(a) mwvane-eb-iT(a) |
| Adverbial | mindvr-ad mwvane-d | mindvr-eb-ad mwvane-eb-ad |
| Vocative | mindor-o mwvane-v | mindvr-eb-o mwvane-eb-o |
Adjectives follow the same inflectional pattern as the nouns when occurring non-attributively - that is, not within the noun phrase, but independently. Stems ending in consonants form two groups: non reducible (Table 1) and reducible (Table 2) stems. Stems ending in vowels also form two groups: clippable (Table 3) and non-clippable (Table 4).
Adjectives used non-attributively: non-reducible adjectives
Savi
shavi black
|
|
|
|
| Nominative | Sav-i | Sav-eb-i |
| Ergative | Sav-ma | Sav-eb-ma |
| Dative | Sav-s | Sav-eb-s |
| Genitive | Sav-is(a) | Sav-eb-is(a) |
| Instrumental | Sav-iT(a) | Sav-eb-iT(a) |
| Adverbial | Sav-ad | Sav-eb-ad |
| Vocative | Sav-o | Sav-eb-o |
Transcription
|
|
|
|
| Nominative | shav-i | shav-eb-i |
| Ergative | shav-ma | shav-eb-ma |
| Dative | shav-s(a) | shav-eb-s(a) |
| Genitive | shav-is(a) | shav-eb-is(a) |
| Instrumental | shav-it(a) | shav-eb-it(a) |
| Adverbial | shav-ad | shav-eb-ad |
| Vocative | shav-o | shav-eb-o |
Back to the Inflection of adjectives
Adjectives used non-attributively: reducible adjectives
wiTeli
c'iteli red
|
|
|
|
| Nominative | wiTel-i | wiTl-eb-i |
| Ergative | wiTel-ma | wiTl-eb-ma |
| Dative | wiTel-s(a) | wiTl-eb-s(a) |
| Genitive | wiTl-is(a) | wiTl-eb-is(a) |
| Instrumental | wiTl-iT(a) | wiTl-eb-iT(a) |
| Adverbial | wiTl-ad | wiTl-eb-ad |
| Vocative | wiTel-o | wiTl-eb-o |
Transcription
|
|
|
|
| Nominative | c'itel-i | c'itl-eb-i |
| Ergative | c'itel-ma | c'itl-eb-ma |
| Dative | c'itel-s(a) | c'itl-eb-s(a) |
| Genitive | c'itl-is(a) | c'itl-eb-is(a) |
| Instrumental | c'itl-it(a) | c'itl-eb-it(a) |
| Adverbial | c'itl-ad | c'itl-eb-ad |
| Vocative | c'itel-o | c'itl-eb-o |
Adjectives used non-attributively: clippable adjectives
mwvane
mc'vane green
|
|
|
|
| Nominative | mwvane-ø | mwvane-eb-i |
| Ergative | mwvane-m | mwvane-eb-ma |
| Dative | mwvane-s(a) | mwvane-eb-s(a) |
| Genitive | mwvan-is(a) | mwvane-eb-is(a) |
| Instrumental | mwvane-iT(a) | mwvane-eb-iT(a) |
| Adverbial | mwvane-d | mwvane-eb-ad |
| Vocative | mwvane-v | mwvane-eb-o |
Transcription
|
|
|
|
| Nominative | mc'vane-ø | mc'vane-eb-i |
| Ergative | mc'vane-m | mc'vane-eb-ma |
| Dative | mc'vane-s(a) | mc'vane-eb-s(a) |
| Genitive | mc'van-is(a) | mc'vane-eb-is(a) |
| Instrumental | mc'van-it(a) | mc'vane-eb-it(a) |
| Adverbial | mc'vane-d | mc'vane-eb-ad |
| Vocative | mc'vane-v | mc'vane-eb-o |
Adjectives used non-attributively: non-clippable adjectives
mowiTalo
moc'italo reddish, a bit red
|
|
|
|
| Nominative | mowiTalo-ø | mowiTalo-eb-i |
| Ergative | mowiTalo-m | mowiTalo-eb-ma |
| Dative | mowiTalo-s(a) | mowiTalo-eb-s(a) |
| Genitive | mowiTalo-s(i) | mowiTalo-eb-is(a) |
| Instrumental | mowiTalo-T(i) | mowiTalo-eb-iT(a) |
| Adverbial | mowiTalo-d | mowiTalo-eb-ad |
| Vocative | mowiTalo-v | mowiTalo-eb-o |
Transcription
|
|
|
|
| Nominative | moc'italo-ø | moc'italo-eb-i |
| Ergative | moc'italo-m | moc'italo-eb-ma |
| Dative | moc'italo-s(a) | moc'italo-eb-s(a) |
| Genitive | moc'italo-s(i) | moc'italo-eb-is(a) |
| Instrumental | moc'italo-t(i) | moc'italo-eb-it(a) |
| Adverbial | moc'italo-d | moc'italo-eb-ad |
| Vocative | moc'italo-v | moc'italo-eb-o |